Before you file Form N-400, you must meet the eligibility rules for naturalization. Most people qualify under either the 5-year or 3-year rule.
The 5-year rule (most applicants)
- Be a green card holder for at least 5 years
- Show continuous residence for those 5 years
- Be physically present in the U.S. for at least 30 months (half of 5 years)
The 3-year rule (spouses of U.S. citizens)
- Be a green card holder for at least 3 years
- Be married to and living with the same U.S. citizen for those 3 years
- Be physically present for at least 18 months
Requirements that apply to everyone
- Be at least 18 years old
- Have lived in your state or USCIS district for at least 3 months
- Show good moral character
- Pass the English and civics tests (with some exemptions)
- Take the Oath of Allegiance
Get ready: Take the free US citizenship practice test and review the 30-day study plan.
Independent free resource, not affiliated with USCIS or the U.S. government, and not legal advice. Rules and fees change — confirm the latest at uscis.gov.
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